registrační číslo CZ.1.07/1.5.00/34.0879. prosinec 2012 VY_32_INOVACE_AGJ_140105 Past SImple – Úvod Autorem materiálu a všech jeho částí, není-li uvedeno jinak, je Bc. Martin Krčmař. Střední škola hotelnictví a služeb a Vyšší odborná škola, Opava, příspěvková organizace. Materiál byl vytvořen v rámci projektu OP VK 1.5 – EU peníze středním školám, registrační číslo CZ.1.07/1.5.00/34.0879.

Minulý čas prostý Najděte a vyznačte slovesa. obr. 1 Every day This is Jane's typical day. Jane gets up at 6 o'clock. She has a big breakfast. She walks to work. Jane starts work at 8 o'clock. She finishes at 4.30 PM. She is usually very tired. Jane cooks for her family in the evenings. She watches TV in the evenings. She goes to bed at about 10 PM. She always sleeps well. Yesterday It was Jane's typical day yesterday. Jane got up at 6 o'clock. She had a big breakfast. She walked to work. Jane started work at 8 o'clock. She finished at 4.30 PM. She was very tired. Jane cooked for her family in the evening. She watched TV yesterday evening. She went to bed at about 10 PM. She slept well yesterday.

Minulý čas prostý Řešení obr. 1 Every day This is Jane's typical day. Jane gets up at 6 o'clock. She has a big breakfast. She walks to work. Jane starts work at 8 o'clock. She finishes at 4.30 PM. She is usually very tired. Jane cooks for her family in the evenings. She watches TV in the evenings. She goes to bed at about 10 PM. She always sleeps well. Yesterday It was Jane's typical day yesterday. Jane got up at 6 o'clock. She had a big breakfast. She walked to work. Jane started work at 8 o'clock. She finished at 4.30 PM. She was very tired. Jane cooked for her family in the evening. She watched TV yesterday evening. She went to bed at about 10 PM. She slept well yesterday.

______________________I___ ________________________I___ Pravidla a příklady: Minulý čas prostý používáme, když mluvíme o ději, který se stal v minulosti a nyní je již ukončen. ______________________I___ ________________________I___ PAST NOW PAST NOW ___________________________________________________________________I___ PAST NOW I was tired yesterday evening. = Byl jsem včera večer unavený. It was great. = Bylo to skvělé. We were at home last weekend. = Byli jsme minulý víkend doma. They were at home all evening. = Byli doma celý večer. I worked yesterday. = Včera jsem pracoval. She finished school at 2 PM. = Skončila ve škole ve 2 odpoledne. We played football last Saturday. = Minulou sobotu jsme hráli fotbal. You got up early this morning. = Vstal jsi dnes ráno brzy. She went to bed late. = Šla spát pozdě. He had a big breakfast. = Měl velkou snídani. I was I worked I got up I worked I finished I was tired

Gramatika: are (present)  were (past) 1) sloveso „být“ am/is (present)  was (past) are (present)  were (past) I am at home.  I was at home. We are old.  We were young. 2) ostatní slovesa Většina sloves v angličtině tvoří past simple pomocí koncovky „-ed“. Takovým slovesům říkáme pravidelná slovesa. work  worked play  played start  started Podmět + 2. tvar slovesa (past simple) I worked yesterday. We played football last weekend. She started crying. Některá slovesa v angličtině past simple koncovkou netvoří, místo toho mají jiné tvary. Takovým slovesům říkáme nepravidelná slovesa. eat  ate go  went sleep  slept Podmět + 2. tvar slovesa (past simple) I ate my lunch. We went to bed early. Tom slept well.

Pravopis -ed. tvarů pravidelných sloves Většina pravidelných sloves work  worked play  played watch  watched Končící na -e smile  smiled smoke  smoked move  moved Končící na souhlásku + samohlásku + souhlásku drop  dropped stop  stopped plan  planned Končící na souhlásku + y study  studied try  tried copy  copied

Doplňte cvičení v past simple 1) Kde včera byli tito lidé? Doplňte was/were 2) Doplň z nabídky do vět vhodná slovesa v past simple: clean die enjoy finish happen open rain start stay want be I ________ my teeth twice yesterday. It was hot in the room so I _________the window. The concert ________ at 7.30 and ________ at 10 o´clock. When I was a child I ________ to be a doctor. The accident ________ last Sunday in the evening. It´s a nice day today but yesterday it ________ all day. We ________ our holiday last summer. We ________ at a very nice place. My grandfather ________ when he ________ 90 years old.

Doplňte cvičení v past simple 1) Kde včera byli tito lidé? Doplňte was/were Mr. And Mrs. Hall were in a restaurant. were in the cinema. Ben was on the beach. was at the trainstation. was in…. 2) Doplň z nabídky do vět vhodná slovesa v past simple: clean die enjoy finish happen open rain start stay want be I cleaned my teeth twice yesterday. It was hot in the room so I opened the window. The concert started at 7.30 and finished at 10 o´clock. When I was a child I wanted to be a doctor. The accident happened last Sunday in the evening. It´s a nice day today but yesterday it rained all day. We enjoyed our holiday last summer. We stayed at a very nice place. My grandfather died when he was 90 years old.

Seznam nejběžnějších nepravidelných sloves Přepište slovesa do 2. tvarů. Pozor, některá slovesa jsou pravidelná a některá nepravidelná.

Lisa flew to Madrid Podívejte se na obrázky a doplňte vyprávění slovesy napravo v past simple:

Lisa flew to Madrid – řešení Podívejte se na obrázky a doplňte vyprávění slovesy napravo v past simple: got had left drove arrived parked went had went waited departed arrived took

POUŽITÁ LITERATURA MURPHY, Raymond. Essential Grammar in Use. London: Cambridge University Press, 2001. ISBN 3125336058 9783125336056.

CITACE ZDROJŮ obr. 1: MURPHY, Raymond. Essential Grammar in Use. London: Cambridge University Press, 2001. ISBN 3125336058 9783125336056.