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ZveřejnilMikuláš Prokop
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Reported speech – nepřímá řeč Autorem materiálu a všech jeho částí, není-li uvedeno jinak, je Romana Petrová. Dostupné z Metodického portálu www.rvp.cz, ISSN: 1802-4785. Provozuje Národní ústav pro vzdělávání, školské poradenské zařízení a zařízení pro další vzdělávání pedogických pracovníků (NÚV).
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Reported speech – nepřímá řeč Paul says: “I am at home.“ přímá řeč Paul said that he was at home. nepřímá řeč Ve větách typu „He said/ answered/ told us/ wanted to know.....“, následuje v angličtině věta, která je vyjádřena jinými časy než v češtině.
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Reported speech – nepřímá řeč I am going crazy. - She said that she is going crazy. Je-li v řídící větě sloveso v minulém čase, posouvají se časy v nepřímé řeči následovně: Přítomný čas minulý čas Minulý a předpřítomný čas předminulý čas Budoucí čas (will) would Modální sloveso can could
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V nepřímé řečí se kromě časů často mění osobní a přivlastňovací zájmena: Tim said: “I miss my friends. They are on their holiday.“ Tim said that he missed his friends and they were on their holiday. Can you give me your phone number? he asked. He asked if I could give him my phone number.
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Reported speech – nepřímá řeč V hovoru se často vynechává spojka „that“. I'm going swimming. She said she was going swimming. Paul called and left a message. He told me Paul had called and had left me a message. He went on holiday to Greece. He said he had gone on holiday to Greece.
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Practise: The student said, "I am reading." The student said that..... They said, "We are busy." They said that...... She said, "I left early." She said that..... He said, "I will ring her." He said that......
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Solution: The student said, "I am reading." The student said that he was reading. They said, "We are busy." They said that they are busy. She said, "I left early." She said that she had left early. He said, "I will ring her." He said that he would ring her.
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V nepřímé řečí se kromě časů, osobních a přivlastňovacích zájmen mění i příslovečná určení: today – that day tomorrow – the day after / the next day yesterday – the day before / the previous day now – then next week – the week after last week – the week before / the previous week here – there this – that
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Practise: Peter said, "I am not hungry now." Peter said that..... They said, "We were in mountains last month." They said..... He said, "I will have finished this paper by tomorrow." He said...... Mr. Brown said, "I lived here for some time." Mr. Brown said.....
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Solution: Peter said, "I am not hungry now." Peter said that he wasn´t hungry then. They said, "We were in mountains last month." They said they were in mountains the month before. He said, "I will fly to Greece tomorrow." He said that he would fly to Greece the next day. Mr. Brown said, "I lived here for some time." Mr. Brown said he had lived there for some time.
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Reported speech – výjimky: 1) Některé tvary sloves se nemění: would, could, might, should, ought to, must (pokud se jedná o zákaz) „I might tell you later.“ She said that she might tell me later. „You must not smoke!“ - He said that I must not smoke. 2) Vyjádření obecné pravdy v přítomném čase také nepodléhá pravidlům o souslednosti časů: They told us that two and two are four.
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