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MINULÝ ČAS PROSTÝ A PRŮBĚHOVÝ SROVNÁNÍ Autorem materiálu a všech jeho částí, není-li uvedeno jinak, je Mgr. Zuzana Jurajdová. Dostupné z Metodického portálu www.rvp.cz; ISSN 1802-4785. Provozuje národní ústav pro vzdělávání, školské poradenské zařízení a zařízení pro další vzdělávání pedagogických pracovníků (NÚV).
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prezentace slouží ke srovnání časů minulých – prostého a průběhového, předpokládá se, že studenti již umí časy tvořit, ale potřebují procvičit používání, na slidech 13, 14, 21, 22, 23 jsou uvedeny možné odpovědi, ty se ale mohou lišit od odpovědí studentů.
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MINULÉ ČASY MIN. ČAS PRŮBĚHOVÝ děj probíhal delší dobu, zdůrazňujeme jeho trvání. MINULÝ ČAS PROSTÝ děj proběhl v minulosti (nevíme jak dlouho, a není to důležité). I was waiting there for hours. Čekala jsem tam hodiny. I waited for a bus. Čekala jsem na autobus.
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MINULÉ ČASY MIN. ČAS PRŮBĚHOVÝ nejde nám o výsledek činnosti. MIN. ČAS PROSTÝ zajímá nás výsledek činnosti. He was repairing his car. Opravoval své auto. He repaired his car. Opravil své auto. She was doing the dishes. Umývala nádobí. She did the dishes. Umyla nádobí.
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MINULÉ ČASY PRŮBĚHOVÉ jestliže dvě činnosti probíhaly v minulosti současně, po určitou dobu a nezávisle na sobě. My mum was cooking lunch and my dad was watching TV. Moje mamka vařila oběd a otec se díval na TV. The sun was shining and birds were singing. Sluníčko svítilo a ptáci zpívali.
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MINULÉ ČASY PROSTÉ jestliže činnosti probíhaly v minulosti jedna po druhé. I came home, said hello and went to my room. Přišel jsem domů, pozdravil jsem a šel do svého pokoje. She waited for the bus, got in and went to her grandma´s. Počkala na autobus, nasedla a jela k babičce.
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MINULÉ ČASY – PROSTÝ A PRŮBĚHOVÝ jestliže jedna delší činnost byla přerušena jinou kratší. My mum was making dinner, when suddenly our neighbour came. Mamka vařila večeři, když najednou přišla sousedka. While I was watching TV last night, I fell asleep. Když jsem se včera dívala na TV, usnula jsem.
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MINULÉ ČASY průběhový tvar slovesa se nepoužívá s některými slovesy (v jakémkoli času). jsou to slovesa: likewantknowbelieve loveneedrealiseremember hateprefersupposedepend I wasn´t liking the weather, He wasn´t wanting to go home. They weren´t believing us. You were realising it was too late. STATIVNÍ SLOVESA
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Časové indikátory PAST SIMPLE yesterday last night last week a month ago a year ago when PAST CONTINUOUS yesterday at 1 o´clock this time last week for 2 hours from 5 to 6 while
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Dle časové osy a slov utvoř věty: I / study / for hours. She / talk / with her friend. They / watch / TV. We / cook / at 7 o´clock. He / play / PC games. I was studying for hours. She was talking with her friend. They were watching TV. We were cooking at 7 o´clock. He was playing PC games.
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Dle časové osy a slov utvoř věty: He / not / learn. I / see / the match. She / buy / new shoes. We / go / to school. They / come / late. He didn´t learn. I saw the match. She bought new shoes. We went to school. They came late.
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Dle časové osy a slov utvoř věty: I / watch TV / my brother / play cards Jane / do homework / her sister / call a friend Tom / read a book / Sue / write a letter We / have a party / our friends / sleep Teacher / talk / students / not listen I was watching TV and my brother was playing cards. Jane was doing her homework and her sister was calling her friend. Tom was reading a book and Sue was writing a letter. We were having a party and our friends were sleeping. The teacher was talking but the students weren´t listening.
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Dle časové osy a slov utvoř věty: He / come / say / go She / see / stop Jane / turn off / go My mum / come / ask We / hear / go / help He came home, said hi and went out. She saw me and stopped. Jane turned off the PC and went home. My mum came to my room and asked about my day. We heard a scream, went out and helped the people.
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Dle časové osy a slov utvoř věty: Tom / walk / see We / talk / come They / sit / take a photo I / watch / arrive He / go / start to rain Tom was walking home when he saw an accident. While they were sitting in a bar he took a photo of them. We were talking about her when she came. While I was watching a movie my friend arrived. He was going to work when it started to rain.
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While I was watching TV, my sister was reading a book. We were having dinner when she came home. He sat down, opened a book and started to read. Yesterday at 5 o´clock I was doing my homework. Dva děje, které probíhají současně a nezávisle na sobě. Delší činnost (večeře), přerušena kratší. Činnosti – krátké a ukončené, ve sledu za sebou. Činnost probíhala kolem určitého okamžiku v minulosti. Zdůvodni proč je ve větách daný čas:
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Jeden dlouhý děj je přerušen kratším. Dva děje, které probíhaly zároveň nezávisle na sobě. Několik dějů které proběhly po sobě. Děj v minulosti, který nebyl ukončen. Děj v minulosti, kdy nám záleží na výsledku. Past continuous, past simple Past continuous Past simple Past continuous Jaký čas použijeme v daných situacích? Past simple
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Doplň čas minulý prostý či průběhový ve správném tvaru: We _____________ (have) dinner when she _____________ (come) home. While I _____________ (walk) home I _____________ (see) an accident. What _____________ (he, do) when the bus _____________ (break down)? He _____________ (come) home, _____________ (close) the door and _____________ (sit) down. My mum _____________ (do) the dishes and my dad _____________ (watch) TV. Jane _____________ (break) her leg when she _____________ (ski). were having MINULÉ ČASY came was walkingsaw was he doingbroke down cameclosed sat was doing was watching brokewas skiing
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Doplň čas minulý prostý či průběhový ve správném tvaru: While she _____________ (cook) lunch, her children _____________ (play). Where _____________ (you/go) when you _____________ (meet) Kate? I _____________ (go) to my class, I _____________ (write) a test and then I _____________ (go) out with my friends. What _____________ (they/do) yesterday at 10 o´clock? When I _____________ (come) from the party, my parents _____________ (sleep). She _____________ (live) in London for a year. was cooking MINULÉ ČASY were playing were you goingmet wentwrote went were they doing came were sleeping was living
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OPRAV CHYBY VE VĚTÁCH 1, When she got to the station, he were waiting for her. 2, On our holiday we were visiting New York. We saw the Statue of Liberty and spent one evening in Central Park. 3, She was meeting her husband while she was working in the USA. 4, While she was cooking lunch, her children were playing cards. 5, He was opening his book and started to read. was visited met opened CORRECT
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OPRAV CHYBY VE VĚTÁCH 1, When I was opening the window it was raining. 2, The students were talking when the teacher came to the class. 3, While Peter swam in the sea, Lucy was lying on the beach. 4, They noticed that somebody was watching them. 5, What was you doing when the accident happened? 6, My friend was coming to our house yesterday. 7, I opened the door and was seeing a dog standing outside. opened CORRECT was swimming CORRECT were came saw
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Popiš situaci pomocí minulého času prostého: Možná slovesa: open see hit Možná odpověď: My mum opened the door, saw a man standing there and hit him with the broom.
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Popiš situaci pomocí minulého času průběhového: Možná slovesa: hit hide scream Možná odpověď: While the woman was hitting the man, her children were hiding behind her and screaming.
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Popiš situaci pomocí minulého času průběhového: Možná slovesa: phone iron feed ring run Možná odpověď: The woman was ironing, phoning and feeding the baby and her dog and cat were running around.
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Zdroje: Časové osy: materiál autora Obrázek slide 21, 22. [cit. 2015-02-02]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW: http://www.clker.com/clipart- 25154.html Obrázek slide 23. [cit. 2015-02-02]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW: http://www.clker.com/clipart- 2485.html
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