Autorem materiálu a všech jeho částí, není-li uvedeno jinak, je Mgr. Jana Dümlerová Slezské gymnázium, Opava, příspěvková organizace. Vzdělávací materiál byl vytvořen v rámci OP VK 1.5 – EU peníze středním školám. VODIVÁ PLETIVA VY_52_INOVACE_ července 2013

Jakou funkci plní listová žilnatina? [1 ] [2 ] [1 ]

Vodivá pletiva [1 ] [2 ] se vyvíjela postupně s přechodem rostlin z vodního prostředí na souš první náznaky vodivých pletiv mají mechorosty, zřetelně jsou vyvinuta u tzv. cévnatých rostlin umožňují rozvádění živných roztoků v rostlině vodivá pletiva tvoří cévní svazky, které procházejí jako žilky (žilnatina – nervatura) všemi orgány rostliny

CÉVNÍ SVAZKY [1 ] [2 ] [4 ] Cross section of celery stalk, showing vascular bundles, which include both phloem and xylem.

Cévní svazky se skládají z částí: [1 ] [2 ] dřevní (dřevo, xylém) – část dřevní tvoří cévy (tracheje) a cévice (tracheidy) a podpůrné buňky (parenchym, prosenchym, sklerenchym) lýkové (lýko, floém) – část lýkovou tvoří živé buňky - sítkovice

[1 ] [2 ] [3 ] [4 ]

LÝKO - floém [1 ] [2 ] [4 ]

[1 ] [2 ] [5 ] [4 ]

DŘEVO - xylém [1 ] [2 ] [6 ] [4 ]

[1 ] [2 ] [7 ] [4 ] [8 ]

Xylem sap [1 ] [2 ] Xylem sap consists primarily of a watery solution of hormones, mineral elements and other nutrients. Transport of sap in xylem is characterized by movement from the roots toward the leaves. Over the past century, there has been some controversy regarding the mechanism of xylem sap transport; today, most plant scientists agree that the cohesion-tension theory best explains this process, but multiforce theories that hypothesize several alternative mechanisms have been suggested, including longitudinal cellular and xylem osmotic pressure gradients, axial potential gradients in the vessels, and gel- and gas-bubble- supported interfacial gradients. [ [

Phloem sap [1 ] [2 ] [4 ] Phloem sap consists primarily of water, with sugars, hormones, and mineral elements dissolved in it. It flows from where carbohydrates are produced or stored to where they are used. The pressure flow hypothesis proposes a mechanism for phloem sap transport, although other hypotheses have been proposed. Phloem sap is also thought to play a role in sending informational signals throughout vascular plants. "Loading and unloading patterns are largely determined by the conductivity and number of plasmodesmata and the position-dependent function of solute- specific, plasma membrane transport proteins.

[1 ] [2 ] [9 ] [4 ] Leafhoppers feeding on plant sap, attended by ants

MAPLE SYRUP [1 ] [2 ] [4 ] is made from reduced sugar maple xylem sap. The sap often is harvested from the Sugar Maple, Acer saccharum. [ [ In some countries (e.g., Russia, Latvia, Estonia or Finland) harvesting the early spring sap of birch trees (so called „birch juice“) for human consumption is common practice; the sap can be used fresh or fermented and contains xylitol. Preparations made from the plant sap of Aloe vera, often referred to as „aloe vera“, are widely used for their purported soothing, moisturizing, and healing properties. They are largely distinct substances, different from each other and different from the true phloem and cellular saps. They also are produced in different cellular structures, much as other distinct materials such as latex and resin are produced in special vessels in various other species of plants.

[1 ] [2 ] [11 ] [10 ] [12 ]

Použité zdroje : [1 ] ZEPHYRIS. [cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW: [2] [cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW: [3] KELVINSONG. [cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW: [4] KELVINSONG. [cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW: [5] Juha Kämäräinen. [cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW: [6] KELVINSONG. [cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW: [7] PHOTOHOUND. [cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW: [8] [cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW: [9] [cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW:

[10 ] Miguel Andrade. [cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW: [11 ] Bruce Marlin. [cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW: [12 ] Juliancolton.[cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW:

[20 ] MYLITTLEFINGER. [cit ]. Dostupný pod licencí Public domain na WWW: