Quantum Chemistry / Quantum Mechanics Introduction

Nature of light Christiaan Huygens Dutch 1629-1695 light consists of waves ~ 1684 – 1926 “golden age of (classical) physics Materials at this presentation: largely from http://www.lct.jussieu.fr/

Nature of light Sir Isaac Newton 1643 1727 light consists of particles Christiaan Huygens Dutch 1629-1695 light consists of waves ~ 1684 – 1926 “golden age of (classical) physics Materials at this presentation: largely from http://www.lct.jussieu.fr/

Absorption or Emission Atomic Spectroscopy Absorption or Emission Johannes Rydberg 1888 Swedish n1 → n2 name Converges to (nm) 1 → ∞ Lyman 91 2 → ∞ Balmer 365 3 → ∞ Pashen 821 4 → ∞ Brackett 1459 5 → ∞ Pfund 2280 6 → ∞ Humphreys 3283

Absorption or Emission Atomic Spectroscopy Absorption or Emission -R/72 -R/62 -R/52 -R/42 Johannes Rydberg 1888 Swedish -R/32 IR -R/22 VISIBLE -R/12 UV Emission Quantum numbers n, levels are not equally spaced R = 13.6 eV

Photoelectric Effect (1887-1905) discovered by Hertz in 1887 and explained in 1905 by Einstein. Vacuum Heinrich HERTZ (1857-1894)

Photoelectric Effect (1887-1905) discovered by Hertz in 1887 and explained in 1905 by Einstein. Vacuum Albert EINSTEIN (1879-1955) Heinrich HERTZ (1857-1894)

Kinetic energy

Compton effect 1923 playing billiards assuming l=h/p Arthur Holly Compton American 1892-1962

Davisson and Germer 1925 Clinton Davisson Lester Germer In 1927 Diffraction is similarly observed using a mono-energetic electron beam Bragg law is verified assuming l=h/p

black-body radiation Gustav Kirchhoff (1860). black-body radiation] Shift of n RED WHITE Small n Large n

If h is the Planck constant J.s Then Louis de BROGLIE French (1892-1987) Max Planck (1901) Göttingen

Young's Double Slit Experiment Thomas Young 1773 – 1829 Young's Double Slit Experiment

de Broglie relation from relativity Application to a photon (m0=0) To remember To remember

de Broglie relation from relativity

? Universal equation - particle-wave duality quantum character of microparticles Newton equations valid for heavy bodies

Time-dependent Schrödinger Equation Without potential E = T With potential E = T + V Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger Austrian 1887 –1961

Matrix Formulation Werner Karl Heisenberg ( 1901 Würzburg – 1976)

Relativity and Quantum Chemistry Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac (1902 – 1984) relativity needed

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