THE ANIMAL KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION (Part 1) Mgr. Naďa Bisová

ANOTACE Kód DUMu: VY_32_INOVACE_6.AJ.17 Číslo projektu: CZ.1.07/1.5.00/34.0114 Vytvořeno: říjen - prosinec 2012 Ročník: 3. ročník a 4. ročník – čtyřleté gymnázium (RVP-G) Septima a Oktáva – osmileté gymnázium (RVP-G) Anotace: Tento materiál by vytvořen jako téma pro maturitní okruh: Science and Technology. Nature na Gymnáziu a JŠ Svitavy; přibližně na jednu, popřípadě více vyučovacích hodin (pro výklad i opakování – shrnutí učiva). Obsahuje jednak přehled faktografických údajů, tak i anglickou ustálenou terminologii, doplněné o interaktivní cvičení: otázky. Je primárně zaměřen na dva poslední ročníky gymnázia, i přesto se dá využít i v nižších ročnících osmiletého i čtyřletého studia vcelku nebo jeho jednotlivé části. Pomůcky: interaktivní tabule Vzdělávací oblast Jazyk a jazyková komunikace Vzdělávací obor Anglický jazyk Tematický okruh Science and Technology. Nature

According to scientists: invertebrates x vertebrates cold-blooded x warm-blooded animals according to the theory of evolution

Invertebrates x Vertebrates Invertebrate - any animal with no backbone, they are soft inside, and often hard outside, e.g. worm Vertebrate - any animal with a backbone, including all mammals, birds, fish, reptiles and amphibians

Cold-blooded x Warm-blooded Cold-blooded animals - Their body temperature changes as the temperature around them changes. They are hot when their environment is hot and cold when their environment is cold. - To change their body temperature, cold-blooded animals move to different places in their habitat. - Cold-blooded animals must warm their body to be able to move quickly enough to hunt for food, digest their meal and to escape from predators. - Fish, amphibians, most insects and reptiles are cold-blooded. - Exception: Bees can raise their body temperature above that of their environment by moving their wings rapidly to generate heat.

Cold-blooded x Warm-blooded Warm-blooded animals Their body temperature does not depend on temperature outside. They generate their own body heat from food that they convert into energy. To stay cool, warm-blooded animals sweat or pant to loose heat. Only mammals can sweat!!!! Many mammals have thick coats of fur which keep them warm in winter. They also move into a shaded area, move a particular body part (elephant´s ears) or get wet. Exception: Bats are mammals that cannot maintain a constant body temperature and cool off when they are not active. Bears and bats hibernate during the winter. During hibernation they drop their body temperature.

According to the Theory of Evolution Mammals Amphibians Fish Reptiles Birds Insects

Mammals vertebrates warm-blooded are born alive (from its mother’s body) are not hatched from eggs drink their mother’s milk as a baby (e.g. humans, dogs, cows, lions) most mammals have lungs and skin some have fur or hairs most mammals are 4-legged animals most mammals live on land exception: whale, killer whale, seal, dolphin

Mammals 1. 2.

Amphibians vertebrates have cold blood have moist skin without scales have toes without claws begin their life in the water pass through larval stage before coming adults develop lungs and change into land animals must live near water or in wet and damp places examples: frogs, toads, newts

Amphibians 7. Goldren Toad

Fish vertebrates cold-blooded live under water breathe using gills swim using their fins their body is covered in scales saltwater fish live in the sea freshwater fish live in rivers and lakes this group includes salmon, cod, trout, pike, catfish, sardines, shark 3.

Reptiles vertebrates cold-blooded live mainly on land do not have gills lay eggs are related to the dinosaurs body covered in scales the legged ones have toes with claws include snakes, lizards, turtles, crocodiles 4.

Birds vertebrates, warm-blooded two wings for flying, claws a hard pointed mouth called a beak build nests, female birds lay eggs most can fly, exception: ostriches some stay x the others migrate predatory birds – bald eagle, falcon, hawks, owls, California condor song birds – lark, nightingale, finch, robin, sparrow, swallow waterfowl – duck, swan, goose, stork, kingfisher, etc. 5.

Insects small, invertebrates animals jointed bodies six legs typical insect – a mouth with jaws for biting and chewing flies, mosquitoes, bees, moths, ants, beetles, crickets 6.

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS Look at the list of animals. bear, bat, duck, dolphin, eagle, whale, owl, salmon, ostrich, bumble-bee, lizard, seal, grasshopper 2. Which animal categories do they belong to? a) vertebrates x invertebrates b) cold-blooded x warm-blooded c) according to the theory of evolution

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS 3. Work in pairs and name: 5 mammals 3 amphibians 4 reptiles 6 fishes 5 birds 4 examples of insects

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS 4. Explain the difference between: Vertebrates x invertebrates Cold-blooded x warm-blooded animals

KEY bear – vertebrate, warm-blooded, mammal bat – vertebrate, warm-blooded, mammal duck – vertebrate, warm-blooded, bird dolphin – vertebrate, warm-blooded, mammal eagle – vertebrate, warm-blooded, bird whale – vertebrate, warm-blooded, mammal owl – vertebrate, warm-blooded, bird salmon – vertebrate, cold-blooded, fish ostrich – vertebrate, warm-blooded, bird bumble-bee – invertebrate, cold-blooded, insect lizard – vertebrate, cold-blooded, reptile seal – vertebrate, warm-blooded, mammal grasshopper – invertebrate, cold-blooded, insect

Veškeré hypertextové odkazy jsou platné ke dni vytvoření díla. FOTOGALERIE: Fučík Artur (se souhlasem autora) Fučíková Eliška (se souhlasem autora) Tesařová Šárka (se souhlasem autora) Bisová Naďa (vlastní galerie autora) Šmídová Zdislava (se souhlasem autora) SMITH, Charles H. Bufo periglenes [online]. [cit. 16.10.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bufo_periglenes1.jpg>. Veškeré hypertextové odkazy jsou platné ke dni vytvoření díla.

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