Tutorial: Strojírenská technologie Topic: Plasty – Plastics – types and structures Prepared by: Ing. Elena Nová Projekt Anglicky v odborných předmětech,

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2 Tutorial: Strojírenská technologie Topic: Plasty – Plastics – types and structures Prepared by: Ing. Elena Nová Projekt Anglicky v odborných předmětech, CZ.1.07/1.3.09/04.0002 je spolufinancován Evropským sociálním fondem a státním rozpočtem České republiky.

3 Plastics – types and structures

4  Plastics are divided according to their inner structure into three groups:  Thermoplasts  Reactoplasts  Elastomers

5  Thermoplasts can be heat formed and welded  Thermoplasts become softer at higher temperatures and again harder at lower temperatures. Injection moulding:

6  Most known thermoplasts:  Polystyren (PS). Polystyren  Polyethylen (PE). Polyethylen  Polyamid (PA - nylon, silon). Polyamid  Polyethylentereftalát (PETP - PET). Polyethylentereftalát  Polytetrafluorethylen (PTFE - teflon). Polytetrafluorethylen  Polyvinylchlorid (PVC - novodur, novoplast). Polyvinylchlorid  Polymetylmetakrylát (PMMA - plexisklo).

7  Polystyren

8  Reaktoplasts cannot be formed or welded at higher temperatures.  After hardening they cannot be heat-formed. Most known thermosets:  Bakelite. Bakelite  Rubber. Rubber  Epoxide, resin.

9  Elastomer, Rubbers, - are elastic but cannot be formed or welded at higher temperatures.  Most known elastomers and elastic fibers:  Elastin's - polymers based on polyurethane Elastodiens - based on polyisopreens of rubber. Elastin's - polymers based on polyurethane Elastodiens - based on polyisopreens of rubber.

10  Usage of plastics:  Textile fibers, strings, loop piles, foils  Plates, pipes, profiles, blocks  Pressing and injection matters  Technical resins  Lightened materials

11  Can they be formed at higher temperature  Cannot be formed or welded at higher temperature  Are they elastic, but cannot be formed or welded at higher temperature  Reaktoplasty  Elastomery  Termoplasty

12 vnitřní struktury pevnost tvrdý měkký tekutý rozpad teplota

13  http://ok1zed.sweb.cz/s/01-machine- tech/plast.htm http://ok1zed.sweb.cz/s/01-machine- tech/plast.htm  http://www.ksp.tul.cz/cz/kpt/obsah/vyuka/s kripta_tkp/sekce_plasty/01.htm http://www.ksp.tul.cz/cz/kpt/obsah/vyuka/s kripta_tkp/sekce_plasty/01.htm