E COSYSTEM Výukový materiál EK Tvůrce: Ing. Marie Jiráková Tvůrce anglické verze: Mgr. Milan Smejkal Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/ Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR
E COSYSTEM Definition ECOSYSTEM is created by a community of organisms together with the abiotic environment
DIVISION OF ECOSYSTEMS water – a pond, a river, the sea etc.. overland – a forest, a meadow, fields etc..
A NOTHER DIVISION OF ECOSYSTEMS natural – natural environmental conditions and natural relationships among organisms are critical to live in them artificial –influenced by human activity, a supplementary energy is supplied by a human
S TRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF ECOSYSTEMS There are different abiotic conditions in various ecosystems. Biotic conditions consist of organisms and the relationships between them.
F UNCTION OF ORGANISMS IN THE ECOSYSTEMS Different functions of organisms in an ecosystem – there are: Producers Consumers Decomposers
L IFE IN ECOSYSTEM There is a transformation of matter and energy in any ecosystem. Ecosystems are restored. Ecosystems evolve.
ECOSYSTEM Every ecosystem achieve a biological balance under certain conditions. Changing even one component (abiotic or biotic) - disruption of the balance. The balance of the ecosystem is often disturbed by human activities.
E COSYSTEM IS The basic functional building unit of nature.
T HE MAIN ECOSYSTEMS OF THE COUNTRY tundra taiga steppe deciduous forests bushy forests deserts and semi-deserts tropical deciduous forests and savannahs tropical rain forests
CHANGES IN ECOSYSTEMS Large areas of the original natural ecosystems have been altered by human activities.
W ORKSHEET - REVISION What is an ecosystem? Give an example of human activities that negatively affects some ecosystems. The biotic conditions of ecosystems are made up of …? What is a biological balance? Give examples of natural and artificial ecosystems. What is a supplementary energy in the artificial ecosystem?
SOURCES BRANIŠ, Martin. Základy ekologie a ochrany životního prostředí. 2. vyd. Praha: Informatorium, ISBN PAPÁČEK, Miroslav a kol. Zoologie. Praha: pedagogické nakladatelství, 2000, ISBN KVASNIČKOVÁ, Danuše. Základy ekologie. Praha: Scientia,spol.s r.o., 1994, ISBN KVASNIČKOVÁ, Danuše, Pavel PECINA, Jiří FRONĚK, Jiří CAIS a Jan JENÍK. Poznáváme život: přírodopis s výrazným ekologickým zaměřením pro 6. ročník ZŠ (7. ročník občanské školy) a nižší ročníky gymnázií. 1. vyd. Praha: Fortuna, 1994, 94 s. ISBN