Název a adresa školy: Střední odborné učiliště stavební, Opava, příspěvková organizace, Boženy Němcové 22/2309, Opava Název operačního programu:OP Vzdělávání pro konkurenceschopnost, oblast podpory 1.5 Registrační číslo projektu:CZ.1.07/1.5.00/ Název projektu:Zvyšování klíčových aktivit Předmět, ročník:Anglický jazyk, 3. ročník Název sady vzdělávacích materiálů: Grammar Pre-intermediate Sada číslo:ICT-63 Pořadové číslo vzdělávacího materiálu: 15 Označení vzdělávacího materiálu: VY_32_INOVACE_ICT Téma vzdělávacího materiálu:Modals I (can, could, be able to) Druh učebního materiálu:Prezentace Autor:Mgr. Vlasta Galisová Anotace: Prezentace si všímá modálních sloves v anglickém jazyce. Seznamuje se základními gramatickými pravidly použití a představuje základní modální slovesa can, could a využití vazby be able to. Metodické poznámky:Materiál je vhodný pro maturitní obory. Datum vytvoření: Ověření ve výuce:

Modals I (can, could, be able to)

Modal verbs can - could may - might shall - should will - would must

Semi-modal verbs dare need used to ought to Past and future of modals: be able to have to

Introduction The modal verbs are a special group of auxiliary verbs. We use them before other verbs to express certain meaning (permission, ability, possibility, certainty,...). They have different grammar from other verbs.

Generally Modal verbs have only one form and do not inflect for person or number (no -s on the third person singular). Modal verbs do not have infinitive forms, either with to or without. Modal verbs have no -ing form and no -ed participle form.

Generally Modal verbs are placed first in the verb phrase and are followed by a verb in the base form. You must be tired. Modal verbs cannot be used as lexical verbs. A can speak Russian. (A can Russian.)

Negative form Not is placed after the modal verb to form the negative. He could not open the door. The contracted negative n’t is used in spoken language and in informal writing with can, could, should, would, might and must, and with the semi-modals ought, need and dare. You mustn’t eat so quickly.

Interrogative form The structure is: modal verb + subject + lexical verb. Auxiliary do is not used. Could you open the window, please? Will you be at home tomorrow? Would you bring some food?

Can We use can to talk about ability, probability, permission, request or to forbid something. Cats can see much better than humans. He is only toddler. He cannot read and write. It can be very rainy in London. Take an umbrela. Can you give me your number? You can watch TV for an hour. You can’t be late for this meeting!

Could Could has a number of meanings. The most frequent uses are for possibility/ probability/permission and for making suggestions, and as the past tense of can. I think it could be the solution. I could just cook dinner tonight. Could I talk to you for a moment? I could swim when I was six.

Be able to Be able to often means the same as can when referring to abilities, but it is much less common. It is often used in situations where can is not grammatically possible. Although I wanted very much I wasn’t able to do it. Will a robot ever be able to replace a dog in the future, what do you think?

Literatura CARTER, R., McCARTHY, M. Cambridge Grammar of English. 1. vyd. Cambridge: CUP, ISBN SWAN, M., WALTER, C. Oxford English Grammar Course Basic. 1. vyd. Oxford: OUP, ISBN

Answer the questions: 1) What are modals and semi-modals? 2) How modals differ from other verbs? 3) Use in sentences can, could be able to.