Evropa a mnohojazyčnost Workshop ELRC 15. prosince 2015 Vítězslav Zemánek, Zastoupení EK v ČR

1. Mnohojazyčnost Evropské unie - mnohojazyčná povaha EU - podpora znalostí cizích jazyků

Právní základ Smlouva o fungování Evropské unie Nařízení Rady č. 1/58 Občané mají právo obracet se na instituce EU v jakémkoliv úředním jazyce EU a obdržet odpověď ve stejném jazyce. Nařízení Rady č. 1/58 Nařízení a jiné texty obecného dosahu se sepisují v úředních jazycích. Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Article 342: "The rules governing the languages of the institutions of the Union shall, without prejudice to the provisions contained in the Statute of the Court of Justice of the European Union, be determined by the Council, acting unanimously by means of regulations.“  Council Regulation 1/1958 Treaty on European Union, Article 55: “1. This Treaty, drawn up in a single original in the Bulgarian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Irish, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish and Swedish languages, the texts in each of these languages being equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the Government of the Italian Republic, which will transmit a certified copy to each of the governments of the other signatory States. 2. This Treaty may also be translated into any other languages as determined by Member States among those which, in accordance with their constitutional order, enjoy official status in all or part of their territory. A certified copy of such translations shall be provided by the Member States concerned to be deposited in the archives of the Council.”  additional languages Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Article 20: Every citizen of the Union shall have “the right to petition the European Parliament, to apply to the European Ombudsman, and to address the institutions and advisory bodies of the Union in any of the Treaty languages and to obtain a reply in the same language”. Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Article 24: “Every citizen of the Union may write to any of the institutions or bodies referred to in this Article or in Article 13 of the Treaty on European Union in one of the languages mentioned in Article 55(1) of the Treaty on European Union and have an answer in the same language.” Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Article 41: “ Every person may write to the institutions of the Union in one of the languages of the Treaties and must have an answer in the same language”.

Úřední jazyky EU v průběhu času (x pracovní jazyky)

Podpora mnohojazyčnosti – znalostí cizích jazyků článek 165 SFEU: Unie respektuje jazykovou rozmanitost členských států a podporuje výuku zejména jazyků členských států; cíl: 2 cizí jazyky (Barcelonské závěry Ev. rady 2002) Erasmus+: On-line jazyková podpora Iniciativy Evropské komise: Evropský den jazyků, Juvenes Translatores

Evropský den jazyků v Praze „Speak Dating“

Juvenes Translatores 2014-2015 Vítězka za ČR: Simona Nevrklová, Nové Město na Moravě

EU a jazykové technologie EU podporuje mnohojazyčnost také v rámci: podpory jazykových technologií v rámci programů výzkumu a inovací podpory využití strojového překladu ve veřejné správě (MT@EC) Zavádění vyspělých jazykových technologií prostřednictvím nástroje na propojení Evropy (Connecting Europe Facility) The protection of Europe’s language diversity is anchored both in the European Charter of Fundamental Rights and in the Treaty on the European Union. The Charter of Fundamental rights has three notions of protection for multilingualism: Protection of linguistic and cultural diversity. Protection against discrimination based on (race, ethnicity, religion and) language. Right of the citizen to address the EU in their own (official EU) language, and the right to receive a response in the same language. All binding EU legislation is published in all the official EU languages (except Irish, under a derogation scheme until 2017). The European commitment to multilingualism in Europe is evident in such goals as to have all European citizens able to speak in at least two languages besides their mother tongue. The European Commission has been supporting multilingualism in Europe through encouraging foreign language learning and supporting exchange programmes such as Erasmus and various other EU programmes for education and training. Such measures certainly contribute to European integration process and increase the mutual understanding among the Europeans but are not sufficient to remove the language barriers, especially those fragmenting the online space. The EU has supported research and innovation projects in the area of language technologies in the framework of FP6, FP7, CIP and H2020 programmes with over 200 MIO EUR funding. The portfolio of supported actions covered areas ranging from machine translation, computer-assisted translation, multilingual publishing, to speech recognition, dialogue systems and multilingual analytics. The Commission has been supporting the use of language technologies in public administrations. In particular, the Directorate-General for translation (DGT) has been over the last years increasingly investing in Language Technology to support the human translation of EU legislative texts and to support national public administrations in their communication tasks. The machine translation system developed by DGT (MT@EC) is currently available to staff of the EU institutions and bodies and to national administrations of EU Member States. It powers a number of public online services such as the Internal Market Information (IMI) System or Solvit. The integration into more online services, like the e-Justice portal, nLex, TED, Joinup, etc, is ongoing. MT@EC is also a component in CEF Automated Translation (see next section). The European Commission is providing support to the deployment of mature language technologies through the Connecting Europe Facility (CEF) Programme. DG CONNECT implements focused deployment actions under the CEF programme to make pan-European digital public services such as Europeana, Open Data Portal or Online Dispute Resolution platform multilingual and accessible across all EU languages. For this purpose, 12 MIO EUR funding has been allocated to Automated Translation in the work programmes 2014 and 2015 of CEF.

Lingvisté v EU: tlumočníci, překladatelé a právníci-lingvisté The European Commission’s DGT, is just one, although the largest, of many similar services working in all EU institutions. You have translation departments at the European Parliament, the Council, the Court of Justice and the Court of Auditors, the European Social and Economic Committee and the Committee of the Regions, the European Central Bank and the European Investment Bank. There’s also a Translation Centre for EU agencies and bodies. All in all, translation work occupies around 6 000 internal staff and hundreds of companies providing freelance translators. The Commission’s pool of freelance translators is around 600 companies and individual translators. Number of interpreters: 910 (SCIC 600, EP 260, CoJ 50). SCIC’s pool of accredited freelance interpreters is around 3000. Why have separate translation services? Institutions have different roles and different text-types (CoJ most extreme example). Studies have indicated that coordinating such a big group of translators would not be efficient.

Děkuji za pozornost! vitezslav.zemanek@ec.europa.eu