NATURAL DISASTERS Mgr. Naďa Bisová

Anotace Kód DUMu: VY_32_INOVACE_6.AJ.14 Číslo projektu: CZ.1.07/1.5.00/34.0114 Vytvořeno: září - říjen 2012 Ročník: 3. ročník a 4. ročník – čtyřleté gymnázium (RVP-G) Septima a Oktáva – osmileté gymnázium (RVP-G) Anotace: Tento materiál by vytvořen jako téma pro maturitní okruh: Science and Technology. Nature na Gymnáziu a JŠ Svitavy; přibližně na jednu, popřípadě více vyučovacích hodin (pro výklad i opakování – shrnutí učiva). Obsahuje jednak přehled faktografických údajů, tak i anglickou ustálenou terminologii, doplněné o interaktivní cvičení: otázky pro diskuzi i míru porozumění, fotografie pro nácvik popisu obrázku, videa pro poslech s porozuměním. Je primárně zaměřen na dva poslední ročníky gymnázia, i přesto se dá využít i v nižších ročnících osmiletého i čtyřletého studia vcelku nebo jeho jednotlivé části. Pomůcky: interaktivní tabule Vzdělávací oblast Jazyk a jazyková komunikace Vzdělávací obor Anglický jazyk Tematický okruh Science and Technology. Nature

NATURAL DISASTERS Disasters come in many shapes and sizes. Most are related to the weather. Some are predictable - like a hurricane. Some, like an earthquake, surprise us. No matter what their scale, all natural disasters are tragic.

What natural disasters do you know? Work in pairs.

What natural disasters do you know? Floods Hurricanes Tornadoes Tsunami Earthquakes Storms Wildfires / Forest fires Mudslides/landslides Avalanches Droughts Strong winds / Gales

Floods destroy homes, take lives and spread disease. during heavy rains when rivers overflow when ocean waves come onshore when snow melts too fast when dams or levees break During a flood an area of land that is normally dry is covered by water. Flooding may be only a few inches of water or it may cover a house to the rooftop. Floods destroy homes, take lives and spread disease.

BBC News reports on the 2004 flood in northern Cornwall. FLOODS Video: BBC News reports on the 2004 flood in northern Cornwall.

HURRICANES severe tropical storms form in the southern Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, and in the eastern Pacific Ocean, etc.. gather heat and energy through contact with warm ocean waters rotate in a counter-clockwise direction around an "eye" When they come onto land, the heavy rain, strong winds and heavy waves can damage buildings, trees and cars.

BBC News – Animated guide: Hurricanes Hurricane Sandy (the USA, October 2012) Hurricane Survival

TORNADOES nature’s most violent storms often called “twisters” violently rotating columns of air come from powerful thunderstorms move in a circle can form any time of the year have been observed on every continent except Antarctica the season runs from March to August - a long cloud which is narrower at the bottom than the top - Most tornadoes have wind speeds less than 110 miles per hour (177 km/h), are about 250 feet (76 m) across, and travel a few miles (several kilometres) before dissipating.

BBC News – Animated guide: Tornadoes

TSUNAMI is a series of huge waves that happen after an undersea disturbance from the Japanese word for harbour wave travel in all directions from the area of disturbance As the big waves approach shallow waters along the coast they grow to a great height and smash into the shore. can be as high as 100 feet cause a lot of destruction on the shore is a series of huge waves that happen after an undersea disturbance ( such as an earthquake or volcano eruption)

BBC News – Animated guide: Tsunami

EARTHQUAKES also known as a quake, tremor or temblor shaking, rolling or sudden shock of the earth’s surface happen along "fault lines" in the earth’s crust can be felt over large areas usually last less than one minute cannot be predicted the gentle shaking of the ground, hanging plants swaying, objects wobbling on shelves and low rumbling noise - cannot be predicted (although scientists are working on it)

EARTHQUAKES The intensity of an earthquake can be measured. One measurement is called the Richter scale. Earthquakes over 5.0 on the scale can cause damage. DROP, COVER and HOLD ON! Animated guide: BBC News – Animated guide: Earthquakes

Land after a volcanic eruption 1.

STORMS Thunderstorms Winter storms every thunderstorm produces lightning lightning can strike people and buildings are dangerous heavy rain can lead to flash flooding bring strong winds, even hail most likely to occur in the spring and summer months   Winter storms   bring heavy snowfall and very cold temperatures can block roads and cause power lines to fall down Warning: blizzard, frost/freeze, freezing rain - every thunderstorm produces lightning (kills more people each year than tornadoes)

STORMS 2.

STORMS 3.

STORMS 4.

WILDFIRES / FOREST FIRES flames that are out of control and destroy buildings, trees, etc.. are sometimes started by lightning or by accident can move very fast and burn many acres Fast moving fires can kill large numbers of people and destroy vast areas of woodland and property. Video: BBC News reports on efforts to fight wildfires in Greece

LANDSLIDE / MUDSLIDE a large amount of soil/ mud and stones sliding down a mountain/slope often destroying buildings and injuring or killing people below Many natural events such as heavy rainfall, an earthquake or volcano can trigger a landslide. Events: In January 2011 mudslides in south-eastern Brazil killed more than 400 people.

the eruption of Mount St Helens in 1980, LANDSLIDE / MUDSLIDE The biggest landslide in recorded history was triggered by the eruption of Mount St Helens in 1980, according the United States Geological Survey. Nearly 3km3 of rock moved down slope. Video: BBC News: The Sleeping Giant (in the state of Washington, USA)

AVALANCHES are rapid movements of large masses of snow down a slope that commonly occur in mountainous regions can injure or kill people on mountain slopes In some countries the authorities monitor avalanche conditions and estimate risk level.

DROUGHTS long periods of time when there is little or no rain during the drought rivers/ponds and reservoir may dry up if the drought continues there is going to be famine and both people and animals will face starvation may lead to widespread loss of life

NATURAL DISASTERS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC Floods Landslides / Mudslides Storms Strong winds Wildfires / Forest fires Earthquakes Avalanches

FLOODS July 1997, Moravia (the village of Troubky near Přerov) Photo gallery: Video: July 1998, eastern Bohemia (6 dead people) August 2002, Bohemia and south Moravia (17 dead people) March – April 2006 (9 dead people) June – July 2009 (14 dead people, 2,146 houses damaged or destroyed, 1,400 people evacuated) Etc. Damage = millions of Czech crowns

FLOODS – Lačnov (Svitavy), 1997 5. 6.

FLOODS Svitavy, August 2010 Photo gallery 1: Photo gallery 2:

LANDSLIDES / MUDSLIDES Recently: D11 highway, July 2012 News:

STORMS Recently: Storms (29 July 2012) Video: Photo gallery:

STRONG WINDS / GALES Orkán Kyrill (January 2007, 216 km/h) Orkán Ema (February 2008, 144 km/h) Ivan (June 2008, Pardubice region, Nasavrky)

STRONG WINDS / GALES - Nasavrky 7.

STRONG WINDS / GALES - Nasavrky 8.

WILDFIRES / FOREST FIRES Recently: 24. 5. 2012, Bzenec Video:

WILDFIRES / FOREST FIRES 9. 10.

EARTHQUAKES Information: websites of Geofyzikálního ústavu Akademie věd ČR west Bohemia: 1985, 1986, 10th October 2008 - over 4.0 on the Richter scale

AVALANCHES Avalanche warnings Horská služba ČR The Krkonoše Mountains, the Beskydy Mountains, the Orlické Mountains, the Šumava, the Ore Mountains, the Jeseníky Mountains Website:

Comprehension Questions What problems can weather cause? Is your country / region... often affected by natural disasters? What types of extreme weather have you been in? Is it connected with environmental problems?

Zdroje a použitá literatura FOTOGALERIE: Brousková Ivana (Se souhlasem autora objektu) Tomčíková Naděžda (Se souhlasem autora objektu) Bis Aleš (Se souhlasem autora objektu) Tesařová Šárka (Se souhlasem autora objektu) Holub Mirek (Se souhlasem autora objektu)

Zdroje a použitá literatura KNIŽNÍ ZDROJE: 1. SMITH-DLUHÁ, Gabrielle a kol. Angličtina, Otázky a odpovědi. Dubicko: INFOA, 2008, ISBN 978-80-7240-489-6. 2. ROBERTS, Rachel J.. Speak Up - The English-speaking World. Italy: Modern Languages, 2006, ISBN 88-493-0439. 3. TIERNEY, James. Carousel - the English-speaking world. Italy: Modern languages, 2006, ISBN 88-493-0355. 4. EL-HMOUDOVÁ, Dagmar. Angličtina - Maturitní témata. Český Těšín: Petra Velanová, Třebíč, 2006, ISBN 9788086873046. 5. CHUDÁ, Jana; CHUDÝ, Tomáš. Topics for English Conversation. Havlíčkův Brod: Fragment, 1996, ISBN 8072000519.

Zdroje a použitá literatura ELEKTRONICKÉ ZDROJE: AUTOR NEUVEDEN. National Geographic : Natural Disasters [online]. [cit. 3.10.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: <http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/natural-disasters/>. AUTOR NEUVEDEN. Teacher Vision : Natural Disasters – Teacher Resources [online]. [cit. 3.10.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: <http://www.teachervision.fen.com/natural-disasters/teacher-resources/48771.html>. ROSE, Steve. The Guardian: Haiti and the demands of disaster-zone architecture [online]. [cit. 3.10.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: <http://www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/2010/feb/14/haiti-rebuilding-disaster-zone-architecture>. AUTOR NEUVEDEN. BBC Earth: Natural Disasters [online]. [cit. 3.10.2012]. Dostupný na WWW: <http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/earth/natural_disasters>. Veškeré hypertextové odkazy jsou platné ke dni vytvoření díla.