Tutorial: Physics Topic: Alternator Prepared by: RNDr. Ondřej Jeřábek Projekt Anglicky v odborných předmětech, CZ.1.07/1.3.09/04.0002 je spolufinancován.

Prezentace na téma: "Tutorial: Physics Topic: Alternator Prepared by: RNDr. Ondřej Jeřábek Projekt Anglicky v odborných předmětech, CZ.1.07/1.3.09/04.0002 je spolufinancován."— Transkript prezentace:

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2 Tutorial: Physics Topic: Alternator Prepared by: RNDr. Ondřej Jeřábek Projekt Anglicky v odborných předmětech, CZ.1.07/1.3.09/04.0002 je spolufinancován Evropským sociálním fondem a státním rozpočtem České republiky.

3 Alternator

4 General information:  Alternator is rotary electric machine  Changes rotary energy ( kinetics energy ) or mechanical energy to electric energy  Output capacity is led to electrical system

5  Alternator works on electrical induction principle  Voltage is induced in conductor, if conductor and magnetic field move to each other  Extent of induced voltage depends on magnetic field rate and conductor movement speed ( engine revolutions )

6  Alternators are synchronous machines  According to their rotor’s type they further divide to:  With plain rotor- turbo-alternators – driving machine is mostly steam turbine (in steam power plant) speed turns 3000 min -1, as network freqeuency 50 Hz  Low-acting alternators are driven by low-acting machine (mostly by water turbine). Speed turn is whole number ratio of 3000 min -1, as network frequency 50 Hz  It makes mechanically connected set with driving machine. Driving machine and alternator are on the same shaft.

7  Alternator with rectifier is designed so that accumulator is charged when combustion engine runs idle  It is important advantage for city traffic  Accumulator durability charged by alternator with rectifier is longer than accumulator durability charged by dynamo  Alternator is excited directly of accumulator immediately after ignition start

8  Alternators produce electricity in the same way as direct-current generators  Rotating magnet rotates – rotor inside stationary fit windings on iron cores - stator  Electrical current is produced by rotor movement caused by mechanic energy  There are mostly sets of stator windings in stator that are moved round slight amount of 180°  Rotor magnetic field can be caused by induction or permanent magnet

9  Car alternator has the same construction as industrial alternators  Car alternator produces 3- phase  electrical current  Alternating current must be rectified before entry to car network  Diodes are used to rectifying of alternating current  Diodes are fixed to diode bridge  To limitation of voltage values, alternator output direct current is controlled by Zener diode  Alternator advantage comparing with dynamo is mainly its low weight

10  Find out alternator on the Internet: a) Alternator´s rotor and stator b) Find out on the Internet alternator wiring diagram wired to electrical circuit

11  Describe main alternator components that you found out on the Internet  Describe and explain alternator wiring to electrical circuit

12  JAN, Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ; ČUPERA, Jiří. Automobily 1. Brno : Avid, 2004. 211 s.  JAN, Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ; ČUPERA, Jiří. Automobily 2. Brno : Avid, 2004. 120 s.  JAN, Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ; ČUPERA, Jiří. Automobily 3. Brno : Avid, 2004. 220 s.  JAN, Zdeněk; ŽDÁNSKÝ, Bronislav ; ČUPERA, Jiří. Automobily 4. Brno : Avid, 2004. 350 s. Translation:  www.seznam.cz www.seznam.cz  www.slovnik.cz www.slovnik.cz  JANATA, Petr. Handy slovník technický anglicko-český a česko-anglický. Plzeň: Nakladatelství Fraus, 2000. ISBN 80-7238-075-3  Lingea LEXIKON 5, Technický slovník anglicko-český a česko-anglický. 2010.